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Toxication A number of xenobiotics (e.g., strong acids and bases, nicotine, aminoglycosides, ethylene oxide, methylisocyanate, heavy-metal ions, HCN, CO) are directly toxic. Whereas the toxicity of others is due largely to metabolites. Biotransformation to harmful products is called toxication or metabolic activation. For example, oxalic acid formed from ethylene glycol may cause acidosis and hypocalcemia […]